Tuesday, December 31, 2019

Is Waste Disposal Necessary For Public Health - 962 Words

Many villages and homes were destroyed completely in this event. Moreover, the houses which were located in the radiological evacuation zone can not be used anymore (Dhitinut Ratnapradipa PhD, Ruffing Victor White MS, 2012). Local government set emergency point to settle affected people. Additionally, waste disposal is an important issue during this event. The majority of waste carried harmful bacteria with mud and dirt, and polluted with PCBs or asbestos (Makinen, 2011). Disposal may also contribute to the reproduction of insects and other pests, posting a threat to residents’ health. Another problem is a large amount of waste, more than 80 million tons, exceeded the capacity of disposal landfills. Thus, the government had to find somewhere else to deal with this concern, which absolutely delay the transport of waste. In addition, controlling disease vector in emergency shelters posted a threat to public health. The storage of food and water and the delay of waste could cont ribute to the reproduction of insects and pests, which may become vectors of communicable diseases (Dhitinut Ratnapradipa PhD, Ruffing Victor White MS, 2012). Moreover, the nuclear accident in the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant can be seen as a radiation disaster. However, the employees of this power plant had to keep working for addressing the issue of damaged nuclear reactors. As a result, these staffs received radiation directly when they worked in this power plant. Some of them wereShow MoreRelatedHazardous Waste Management And Recovery Act1745 Words   |  7 Pages HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT â€Æ' TABLE OF CONTENTS: TABLE OF CONTENTS: 1 INTRODUCTION: 1 GENERATION AND CHARACTERISTICS: 1 EXISTING WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: 3 PROBLEMS AND ISSUES: 4 FUTURE ASPECTS: 5 CONCLUSION: 5 REFERENCES: 6 INTRODUCTION: The Generation of hazardous waste by the human activities increase the risk of the damage to the environment and the human health. These create a very negative impact if not disposed properly. In the state of Illinois the implementation of the FederalRead MoreNeedle-Stick Injuries Essay1457 Words   |  6 Pagesamong other waste can hurt sanitation workers during collection rounds, at sorting and recycling facilities and at landfills. But it is not only sanitation management workers that are at risk. Improperly discarded needles and other sharps put a variety of other individuals at risk including policemen and firemen, ambulance personnel, janitorial and custodial workers, laundry and dry-cleaning facilities, hotels, park and recreation employees. The number of needle- sticks in the waste industry is veryRead MoreMedical Waste: Why Incineration is a Waste of Resources Essays879 Words   |  4 PagesFor over three decades, Medical waste disposal has been a major controversial iss ue within the environmental field. The biggest controversy being, that the medical waste definition has been tossed around resulting in uncertainty of which disposal method is more suitable depending on what the debris consists of. The most common yet vague definition proposed by the Healthcare Waste Management Monitoring Plan is â€Å"all the waste hazardous or not, generated by health institutions during medical activitiesRead More Hazardous Waste Essay1536 Words   |  7 PagesHazardous Waste Hazardous waste and its proper disposal have become a major sociological problem today due to its capability of contaminating the area in which we live and its potential to be lethal to all living things. In order for the United States and the rest of the world to save itself from a potentially life threatening problem they must fix the causes which lead to the improper disposal of hazardous wastes and like materials. Some reasons that hazardous waste has become a problem inRead MoreHazardous Waste Essay1604 Words   |  7 PagesHazardous waste and its proper disposal have become a major sociological problem today due to its capability of contaminating the area in which we live and its potential to be lethal to all living things. In order for the United States and the rest of the world to save itself from a potentially life threatening problem they must fix the causes which lead to the improper disposal of hazardous wastes and like materials. Some reasons that hazardous waste has become a problem in the United States todayRead MoreSocial Justice Issues with the 2014 EWB Challenge in Nepal Essay1657 Words   |  7 PagesI have chosen the project topic of waste management for the 2014 EWB Challenge in Nepal and in my essay I shall attempt to highlight the social justice issues which are both conspicuously as well as subtly entwined with it. Hasty and unrestrained urbanization, coupled with the lack of public awareness regarding poor participation by local municipalities have resulted in a crisis of waste management and disposal in Nepal (Asian Development Bank 2013). The process of urbanization seems to be increasingRead MoreThe Solid Waste Management Strategy For Metro Manila Essay1501 Words   |  7 Pageswill discuss the solid waste management strategy for Metropolitan Manila, Philippines. This strategy prioritises disposal reduction through waste reduction, monitoring, collection, transferring, recycling, and composting. Waste is a term in the law of real property to describe a cause of action that can be brought in court to address a change in condition of real property brought by a current tenant that damages or destroys the value of that property. The disposal of solid waste is a problem. ThisRead MoreStudies on the Effect of Municipal Solid Waste Dump Sites on Public Health 1516 Words   |  7 Pages3 2.0 About The study 4 3.0 The Owerri municipal waste dumping site 6 4.0 Environmental pollution and impact of exposure 7 5.0 The study findings 9 6.0 Conclusion 10 7.0 References 11 1. Introduction Over the last three decades there has been increasing global concern over the public health impacts attributed to environmental pollution, in particular, the global burden of disease. The World Health Organization (WHO)1 estimates that about a quarter of theRead MoreThe Hazardous Radioactive Nuclear Waste Stockpiles, Created1680 Words   |  7 Pagesradioactive nuclear waste stockpiles, created over several decades due to the expansion of nuclear industry in the domains of power generation, science, industry, military and medical fields, is an intensified global concern today. There are several categories of nuclear waste and the most unfavorable are the intermediate level and the high level nuclear leftovers because of their radioactivity (International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA) 2013, p.9). The majority of this highly radioactive waste is producedRead MoreThe Garbage Problem in America Essay1693 Words   |  7 Pages The Growth of the Waste Stream Todays generation have been taught to be wasteful. We produce enormous quantities of waste, then try to bury it or burn it and forget it. But it cannot be forgotten. It washes up on our beaches, it reappears as air pollution, it creeps into our water supply; it comes back to haunt us. A throw-away society is not a sustainable society. A garbage crisis is at hand. As a nation, we have begun to worry that the growing mounds of wastes will only continue to

Sunday, December 22, 2019

Web Traffic And The Individual s Footprint Online

Understanding and utilizing big data, such as the kind gathered en masse from social media and internet browsing searches can be a useful tool to combat terrorism domestically and abroad. It allows for connecting the dots of an individual’s online footprint to potentially identify terrorists before they strike. However, privacy advocates and private citizens are concerned that the growing scope of data collection and analytics by the government could lead to abuse, profiling, criminalization of behavior, or restrictions of freedoms. While these are valid concerns, they are unfounded and must be balanced against the very real need to combat terrorism. Web traffic and the individual’s footprint online are inarguably public knowledge, if one simply knows how to look. Much like a person can be observed leaving their home and visiting a public establishment, so too can their online traffic be observed without invasive measures that one might consider an unreasonable breach o f any private thought or space. In the case of the San Bernardino shooting late last year, the L.A. Times reported, December 14th, 2015, shooter Tashfeen Malik used online social media to express Islamic jihadist support and a desire to engage in terrorist acts on at least two occasions, once in 2012 and again in 2014. Shortly after the last message she was allowed passage into the U.S. through a fiance’ visa. The irony here is that in an article from Time Magazine, December 28th, 2015, it was noted thatShow MoreRelatedThe Value Of Digital Privacy In An Information Technology Age1799 Words   |  7 PagesThe Value of Digital Privacy in an Information Technology Age Introduction Individual citizens rights to digital privacy continue to be to challenged by the increasing need for national security one the one hand, and the increasing digital vigilance many companies are putting into place to protect themselves while learning more about their customers. These factors are a volatile catalyst that continues to change the ethical, legal and personal landscape rights of digital privacy in the informationRead MoreScale of Adidas1886 Words   |  8 Pages-Innovative designs in footwear enabling consumers to design their own shoes online -First movers advantage in e-commerce Weaknesses -American athletes endorsed by adidas are not as popular as Nike’s -Nike gaining ground on European soccer market -Public dissent over use of sweatshops -E-commerce is limited to USA -Direct sale to consumers is creating conflicts with its own resellers. -High prices in some products. -Online customer service not ‘helpful’ or easy to find. Opportunities -AcquisitionRead MoreChapter 51481 Words   |  6 Pages186 Part Two Information Technology Infrastructure I N T E R A C T I V E S E S S I O N : O R G A N I Z AT I O N S IS GREEN COMPUTING GOOD FOR BUSINESS? Computer rooms are becoming too hot to handle. Data-hungry tasks such as video on demand, downloading music, exchanging photos, and maintaining Web sites require more and more power-hungry machines. Power and cooling costs for data centers have skyrocketed by more than 800 percent since 1996, with U.S. enterprise data centers predicted toRead MoreProject Plan For A New Website2423 Words   |  10 Pagesgiving your site a new lift or fee top changing your backend CMS. The challenge usually arises in ensuring the redesigned site is responsive to the needs of customers. Creating a wed redesign checklist provides a sure path to maintain customers and web traffic. The website redesign process can be broadly organized in phases i.e. the post launch phase, launch phase and post launch phase. During the pre-launch SEO redesign phase, you may consider aspects such as co-opting SEO, staging site crawler accessRead More Common Vulnerabilities Facing IT Managers Essay1714 Words   |  7 Pages a weakness, or an exposure of an application, system, device, or service which could lead to a failure of confidentiality, integrity, or availability (Liu Zhang, 2011). They are to companies today what the black plague was to Europe in the 1300’s. It doesn’t even matter if the organization is connected to the internet or not it’s still vulnerable to some type of attack. Regardless of what a company actually produces and what its mission statement states their number one internal concern isRead MoreE-Business Task 1 Essay5575 Words   |  23 Pages Serena S. Joyner MBA- IT Management E-Business QRT2 Task 1 November 1, 2012 E-business is relativity new and refers how companies do business on the internet. PC Magazine defines Electronic Business as â€Å"Doing Business online. The term is often used synonymously with e-commerce but e-business is more of an umbrella term for having a presence on the Web.† (2012) In our ever changing world where a companies’ online presence is equally important as the signRead MoreBusiness Continuity Plan Essay3315 Words   |  14 Pagesin Digital Forensics March 17, 2013 Joana Achiampong CSEC 650 Introduction Four sources of data that stand out for forensic investigators in most criminal investigations are files, operating systems, routers and network traffic, and social network activity. Each data source presents a variety of opportunities and challenges for investigators, meaning that the more reliable data collection and analysis activity typically involves examination of a variety of sources. DigitalRead MoreThe Problem Of The Cloud Environment2067 Words   |  9 Pagesnew infrastructure and both sites are online we will setup a replication manager that will replicate all information from one location to another location. Once all the information is replicated back and forth we will do a couple test runs where we will check to see if the information is viable on the other end and then from there we will do a switchover and the old site will be taken offline on the news that will be brought online. Once the new site is online we will keep the old site available andRead MoreGoogle Se lf Driving Car Marketing Plan Essay11358 Words   |  46 PagesGoogle self-driving car is equipped with an autopilot system, and capable of driving from one point to another without aid from an operator [3-4]. Our focus in this marketing plan will be on enterprise businesses, rather than only solutions for individual end users. Google is already in the enterprise market. Our marketing plan starts with the product itself and product analysis. And then, a Technology Assessment is discussed and the product propose, components, features, and values provided to enterpriseRead MoreBig Brother: An American Reality Essay2797 Words   |  12 PagesXKEYSCORE to grow under the National Security Agency. George Orwell’s own predictions of a government surveillance system were not nearly as advanced as what is being used today. In comparison to his novel, 1984, there is a much larger scale of tracking individual citizens then he could have ever imagined(Hypponen). In the name of anti-ter rorism and safety, the Patriot Act has opened up new risks to American citizens and the rest of the world. Only until recently, the American public had no idea that this

Saturday, December 14, 2019

the importance of Organizational Culture in management Free Essays

Introduction Organizational culture, the most influential of the past several decades has been the largest and concepts of management buzzwords. Hofstede (1997) report that the term as a synonym for organizational culture, organizational climate appeared during the 1960s. â€Å"Corporate culture† after the publication of several popular press in the 1980s, general management buzzword (Deal and Kennedy, 1982 Davis, 1984) has become. We will write a custom essay sample on the importance of Organizational Culture in management or any similar topic only for you Order Now Interrelated academic and popular management literature the culture and its impact is reflected in the subjects, there is widespread belief that the organizational culture, organizational effectiveness near (Denison and Mishra, 1995; Kilmann Saxton, and Serpa, 1985; Weiss, 1996) is related. The culture of organizational problems often cause a comfortably vague and is all inclusive. Some examples of the proposed impact of organizational culture remains strong interest in why the concept can underscore. Culture, a source of competitive advantage (Ott, 1989; Peters and Waterman, 1982, Wilkins and amp; Barney, 1986 Ouchi, 1983) as has been explored, although others have limited empirical evidence (Denison and Mishra, 1995 strongly support, Fey and Denison, 2003). Attention post-merger/acquisition integration (Olie, 1990 and 1994; Vaara, 1999; Veiga, Lubatkin, Calori and 2000 very,; Nahavandi and Malekzadeh, 1988 very Calori and Lubatkin, 1993) has been in the organizational culture . Also, organizational culture, success or failure of large-scale efforts to change (Beer and Nohria, 2000 has emerged as a major factor, Brill and Worth, 1997; Burke, 1994; Jick and Peiperl, 2003; Pascale Millemann and Gioja, 1997). In a review of recent diversity literature Jackson, Joshi and Erhardt (2003) report results of studies exploring effects of organizational culture on diversity dynamics. Ely and Thomas (2001 ) contend that diversity is more likely to lead to positive outcomes if organizational culture stresses integration and learning. Cox and Tung (1997) argue that the degree of structure and informal integration in an organization will influence outcomes of diversity. Polzer, Milton and Swann (2002) suggest organizational cultures may influence the process of identity negotiation and that teams are more likely to benefit from diversity when team members’ identities are verified by reflected appraisals of other team members. Definitions of organizational culture reflects the dichotomy in the conceptualization, although some researchers have developed integration frameworks (eg Martin, 1992; Ott, 1989). On the one hand, culture is seen in practices and behaviors – â€Å"how things are done here† (Drennan, 1992, p. 1). Other conceptualize culture in practices that support. In 1992 Hunt say about culture as the value, beliefs and attitudes which shows how the company perceive and Interpretation of events. The same applies to Davis (1984), involves the culture of beliefs and values that give meaning and organization provide members with rules of behavior. Schein (1985) argues that organizational culture â€Å"should be reserved for the deeper level of basic assumptions and beliefs that are shared by members of an organization, that operate unconsciously and define in a basic† taken for acquired â€Å"fashion an organization seen by himself and his environment† (p. 6). Others, such as Hampden-Turner (1990) see culture as a concept fill levels and function at the subconscious level visible and concrete. Hofstede (1997) defines organizational culture as â€Å"the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of an organization from another† (p. 180), but he also argues that â€Å"the common perception of daily practices must be considered the core of an organization of culture â€Å"(p. 182-83).Multicultural Organizations: Opportunities and Challenges Much has been written about problems and benefits of diversity in cross-cultural management and diversity literature (e.g. Adler, 2002; Cox Blake, 1991;Elron, 1997; Ely Thomas, 2001; Gentile, 1996; Robinson Deschant, 1997; Watson, Johnson Merritt, 1998). During the past decade, however, there has been an interesting shift in the rhetoric of diversity. Thomas and Ely (1996) cite the increasing emphasis on diversity as a spur for greater organizational effectiveness. Robinson and Deschant (1997) argue that diversity makes good business sense. Popular diversity discourse aside, however, diversity does not automatically lead to greater organizational effectiveness. Although there is general acknowledgement that cultural diversity offers numerous potential benefits to an organization, those benefits may not be realized unless they are purposefully pursued. Moreover, the challenges presented by diversity may negatively impact organizational performance unless properly managed. What are the benefits and challenges of a multicultural organizationWhen employees representing nine nationalities, who work in eight multicultural organizations in Luxembourg answered those questions they discussed advantages and disadvantages for both organizations and individuals (Trefry, 2001). Without exception those interviewed saw multicultural diversity as an important asset for organizations. They reported organizational advantages such as: a) the possibility of matching employees with diverse customers/clients; b) ability to apply knowledge of different cultures to business projects; c) better decision-making and problem-solving after considering diverse perspectives; and d) more creativity and innovation in products, services and organizational processes. In addition, however, to echoing benefits described in the diversity literature, Luxembourg respondents emphasized personal benefits such as: a) greater personal ability to cope with the unexpected; b) broadening of their perspectives on any given issue; c) greater tolerance and acceptance of others’ differences; d) greater flexibility in their own personal behavior, communication and interaction styles; and e) enhanced self-insight. Interestingly enough, it is understanding the logic of personal benefits cited and applying it at an organizational level that offers insight on how organizations can achieve maximum value from a culturally diverse workforce. Implications for Multicultural Organizations Although multicultural organizations are increasingly the norm, most are just beginning to strategically deal with their cultural diversity. Thus we come back to the primary premise of our exploration: organizational culture has the potential for even greater impact in multicultural organizations because it can intensify both the benefits and the challenges of cultural diversity, and thus indirectly, affect potential competitive advantage. Yet how is it that multicultural organizations manage the challenges and achieve the maximum benefit from their cultural diversityThe answer lies in the nature of the organizational culture as well as a strategic approach to harnessing diversity for benefit of the organization. It is the strategic utilization of cultural differences that creates real competitive advantage for the organization (Schneider Barsoux, 2003). A metaphor of organizational culture as a double-edged sword that cuts in numerous directions seems appropriate. Organizational culture can exacerbate the challenges of diversity. It can also intensify potential benefits. At the practices level organizational culture can facilitate integration; at the level of business assumptions and shared frames of reference guiding how the work of the organization is accomplished there is potential danger that a strong culture can downplay or even negate the advantages of cultural diversity. Too much uniformity in mental models about ways work is approached may encourage employees to accept existing paradigms for the organization’s work without ever questioning them. How can organizations create a culture that values differences and purposefully facilitates â€Å"cultural synergy,† as it has been labeled by Adler (2002)The question leads us to a paradox which needs to be explored at both practices and underlying values, beliefs and assumptions levels of culture. At the practices level organizational norms are operationalized by processes, procedures and policies. Yet acceptance of the value of multiple perspectives and approaches means there is both individual and organizational flexibility to sometimes act outside of delineated policies, processes and procedures and that diverse approaches can co-exist and influence each other. Pascale (1990) describes this paradox as a vector of contention between mandatory and discretionary systems and charges managers with responsibility for â€Å"orchestrating the tension and harnessing contending opposites† (p. 34). Managing this tension between opposites, however, is a significant challenge. The traditional western managerial mindset has stressed consistency of policies and procedures in order to reduce ambiguity and promote internal integration (Senge, 1990). Indeed the common assumption has been that effective organizations have strong, highly consistent and well integrated cultures (Saffold, 1988). Yet there has also been increasing recognition of an organizational irony: well-integrated organizations are often the least responsive to changing conditions (Kanter, Stein Jick, 1992). Success in today’s continually changing environments requires that people in organizations think in different ways, learn, and adapt to evolving circumstances. It is such requirements that underscore the need to purposefully explore organizational culture at the underlying beliefs, values and assumptions level. Thinking in different ways, learning and appropriate adaptation can only happen if there is continual questioning of organizational frames of reference – those constellations of beliefs, values and assumptions that determine how the organization approaches its business. Here the insight regarding personal benefits of working in a multicultural environment seems applicable. Multicultural team members in Trefry’s study (2001) attributed their broadened perspectives, increased personal tolerance, flexibility and adaptability to their exposure to different ways of thinking and their consequent reexamination of their own perspectives. Thus as Gentile (1996) so eloquently asserts, â€Å"it is precisely through our interactions and confrontations with difference-of perspective, of prior experience, of style, of identity- that we come to recognize the limits of our own perspectives, experiences, and styles† (p. 1). The same logic can apply at both individual and organizational levels. Exposure to different values, beliefs, assumptions and perspectives can lead to broadening our frames of reference, whether at a personal level or an organizational level. Indeed Trefry Vaillant (2002) suggest that individuals and organizations actually â€Å"learn† from expanding the frames of reference through which they view and interpret what they see and experience – thus increasing their awareness of alternative ways to act. Developing a greater range of options can promote organizational flexibility, enabling adaptation to the needs of specific contexts. Insight facilitated by expanded frames of reference can be used to generate new approaches to business issues and practices. Conclusion Thus challenging existing organizational assumptions and broadening frames of reference offers a rich potential for increased effectiveness and competitive advantage. The organizational â€Å"learning† must go beyond exploration of differences, however. The goal is to integrate different approaches and frames of reference into new, more sophisticated approaches and organizational frames of reference. Adler (2002) argues that â€Å"culturally synergistic organizations reflect the best aspects of all members’ cultures in their strategy, structure, and process without violating the norms of any single culture† (p. 108). They utilize the naturally divergent thinking of people with different cultural backgrounds to solve problems, make decisions, and develop new approaches to products, services, and organizational processes How to cite the importance of Organizational Culture in management, Essay examples

Friday, December 6, 2019

Wireless Propagation and Communication-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Different antenna, such as yagi, horn, and celluar antennas, etc. has different merits. Research these technologies in details and pay specific attention to how they are used as well their strengths and weakness. Provide an opinion regarding which antenna types will become the dominant players in the future of medium- and long-distance wireless links. 2.Compare and contrast the multiplexing techniques CDMA and FDMA in the area of wireless networking? 3.A local engineering group ask you to present your finding of the most recent advanced wireless technologies. Research these technologies in details and pay specific attention to how they are used as well their strengths and weakness. Provide an opinion regarding which antenna types will become the dominant players in the future. Answers: 1.Different types of antennas In case of television and broadcasting Yagi-uda antenna is used most commonly. The performance index of this type of antenna is better (Aouani et al., 2014). This type of antenna is mostly used for the better directivity and high gain and the frequency range of the antenna is between 30MHz to 3GHZ and relies in between the UHF and the VHF frequency bands. Strengths The directivity is high. Power consumption is low. The maintenance and handling cost is low and also easy. The frequency range is large that can be covered by the Antenna The bandwidth is of lower value and the gain is high. Weakness Atmospheric changes can affect this kind of antenna This kind of antenna is also affected by the noise. Applications The Yagi antenna is particularly useful in case of the applications where an RF antenna design is required to create required gain and directivity (Han et al., 2015). It is also useful in case of optimum transmission and reception conditions can be obtained. Horn Antennas A horn antenna functions on the basis of microwave frequencies and for this reason it is called Microwave antenna also (Inui et al., 2015). There are many kinds of antennas which are available in the market and those are conical horn, pyramid horn antenna and the corrugated horn antenna. Strengths It has a narrow range of beam width. Many small minor lobes are created. It has a good impedance matching Directivity is an important factor and it has a greater value Weakness The value of the flare angle and the length of the flare should be good enough The directivity should be high but the design of the flare angle is not advantageous for the antenna Applications Horn antennas are used as short distance radars. It is also used in various cameras which are used in speed enforcement. Cellular antenna Those antennas which are used in the mobile phones or cell phones are called cellular antenna (Yin et al., 2013). The main thing about the cellular antenna is that it can be used as the conjunction between the data signal and the mobile phone. Strengths The cellular antennas are used for the communication along very long distances like 45 miles and more. It has a huge capacity to transfer a lot of data per second. It is very suitable for the transfer of data in long distances. Weakness There is always a connection problem in case of using the cellular antennas. The damage of this kind of antennas can damage the whole communication system. Increased number of the antennas in each base station. Applications Cellular antennas are used in mobile phones. It is also used for long distance communication. These antennas are used in the cellular base stations. Selection of antenna type for medium and long distance Cellular antennas are most suitable for long distance communication. This type of antenna is used in case communication in more than 65 miles distance. 2.Comparison and contrast of FDMA and CDMA CDMA refers to code division multiple accesses and it is a method that has the access of different channels and it is a blend of several radio communications (Sarkar, Srivastava Saurav, 2014). It is created by spreading the codes using orthogonal codes. It is a suitable example of multiple accesses. FDMA refers to Frequency Division Multiple Access and it is a method that utilises the channel for accessing and it also acts as a channelization protocol (Yang Marzetta, 2013). It provides the users several bands of frequency and is mainly used in satellite communication. CDMA FDMA Every user uses the same frequency band and the transmission is simultaneous in nature. It is inactive in case when the channel is not active. It uses the spectrum by distributing various orthogonal codes. In FDMA the frequency band is distributed in several disjoint subbands. All terminals can act simultaneously. Every terminal has individual frequency levels. It uses continuous transmission scheme. It also uses continuous transmission scheme. It has no absolute limits of cell capacity. It has limited cell capacity 3.Most recent advanced wireless technologies RFID is one of the latest wireless technologies which is used to identify the position of several objects and to keep record of those objects. RFID stands for Radio Frequency Identification Detector. RFID functions on the basis of Radio frequency signals. It consists of different parts like tags and receiver (Lo Lee, 2013). RFID tags are attached to several objects and it connects with the receiver to transfer several signals regarding the position and information about the object. The receiver receives the signal and helps to keep track of those objects. Strength RFID tags can be used to keep track of objects as well as pet animals. RFID system is more efficient in case of retailing business and stores to keep track of the objects very easily and it is better than the barcode scanner. RFID can be used in electronic identification of vehicles and automatic toll collection system. Weakness RFID is used in small range like 100 meters only. In case of long range RFID the cost is very high. Best type of antenna for use in future In future the long range communication will be the main factor to determine the best option among the antennas (Ding et al., 2015). From that point of view the Cellular antennas can be the most useful antennas in future. References Aouani, H., Rahmani, M., Navarro-Ca, M., Maier, S. A. (2014). Third-harmonic-upconversion enhancement from a single semiconductor nanoparticle coupled to a plasmonic antenna. Nature nanotechnology, 9(4), 290-294. Ding, Z., Zhong, C., Ng, D. W. K., Peng, M., Suraweera, H. A., Schober, R., Poor, H. V. (2015). Application of smart antenna technologies in simultaneous wireless information and power transfer. IEEE Communications Magazine, 53(4), 86-93. Han, S., Chih-Lin, I., Xu, Z., Rowell, C. (2015). Large-scale antenna systems with hybrid analog and digital beamforming for millimeter wave 5G. IEEE Communications Magazine, 53(1), 186-194. Inui, T., Koga, H., Nogi, M., Komoda, N., Suganuma, K. (2015). A miniaturized flexible antenna printed on a high dielectric constant nanopaper composite. Advanced Materials, 27(6), 1112-1116. Lo, Y. T., Lee, S. W. (2013). Antenna Handbook: theory, applications, and design. Springer Science Business Media. Sarkar, D., Srivastava, K. V., Saurav, K. (2014). A compact microstrip-fed triple band-notched UWB monopole antenna. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 13, 396-399. Yang, H., Marzetta, T. L. (2013). Performance of conjugate and zero-forcing beamforming in large-scale antenna systems. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 31(2), 172-179. Yin, H., Gesbert, D., Filippou, M., Liu, Y. (2013). A coordinated approach to channel estimation in large-scale multiple-antenna systems. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 31(2), 264-273.

Friday, November 29, 2019

Reaction Paper Ten Commandments free essay sample

Movie Paper: I am Sam We live in a society where media portrays a great deal of information on a daily basis. Movies, TV shows, videos, internet etc. all accommodate with portraying the information all around the world. The advantage of media is that it can educate viewers with all the different kind of information but it can also portray false delusions especially when dealing with people with some kind of disability. For this movie paper, I chose the movie I am Sam. Its a wonderful film about a mentally hallenged man who has the power to teach others that love is really all you need. The Diagnosis Many diagnoses are being portrayed in this film such as, mental retardation and autism. Sam Dawson the protagonist of the movie is man who has a mental disability who has a mind of a 7 year old. He is a single father to his daughter Lucy; the mother was homeless and abandoned Sam and Lucy right after she was born. We will write a custom essay sample on Reaction Paper: Ten Commandments or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Despite his mental challenge, Sam was able to implement a loving and caring environment for Lucy with the help of his neighbor Annie. However, when Lucy turned 7 her capacity of knowledge was much greater than her fathers and she was taken away by child services and is put to a foster home. This ended up being a custody battle in the court, Sam fought hard to get custody for his own daughter. Due to the fact that he works at star bucks, he couldnt afford a lawyer, however he still managed to find an attorney who will represent him pro bono (free of charge). There are many dysfunctions shown throughout the movie. As Sams daughter Lucy was getting older, she was assigned harder books to read with words that Sam couldnt read. MOVIE PAPER: I AM SAM Therefore, Lucy pretended as if she cant read those words as well because she doesnt want to be smarter than her dad. She knew that he was different, and not like other dads. Sam and Lucy have a tradition to go to HOP Wednesday nights, when they decide to change it up a bit and go to a different place; Sam causes a disturbance because he cannot get the French pancakes that he is used to having at HOP, something a child would do. During trial he couldnt be serious and really showed that his intellectual capacity is of a 7 year old. He also suffered from autism and his speech was very limited and he had absolutely no abstract thinking. Sadock and Sadock states that the diagnosis for autism are deficits in language development and difficulty using language to communicate (Sadock Sadock, 2010). I believe that the movie described the disorder very accurately, it was clear for the viewers to see that Sam suffered from a developmental disability. The way he talked, laughed, and acted was all evidence to his disability. The way he communicated with his daughter as if they were two kids. All his friends around him were also suffering from a mental disability as well. There was a scene in the movie when Lucy ran away from child services to her father and told him that they let her go to the park with him, only an individual with a disorder can actually believe that. The factual information does match the fiction in the film very closely. Sam had

Monday, November 25, 2019

Lady Lovelace essays

Lady Lovelace essays Ada Byron, Lady Lovelace, was a creative and influential mathematician. Born on December 10, 1815 to the romantic poet, Lord Byron, she entered a life of prestige and wealth. An active child, she enjoyed gymnastics, dancing, and horseback riding. But above all of that, she loved the arts. Going to the theater was one of her favorite pastimes, as well as playing the piano, violin, and harp. Unfortunately for her, her parents didnt get along, and ended up separating when Ada was only 1 month old. Adas mother gained custody, and therefore she never had a chance to meet her father before he died when she was eight years old. At seventeen, Ada met Mary Sommerville (a very influential mathematician) and they became fast friends. Ada explained her love of math, and Mary soon became a role model, as well as a tutor. Through Marys son, Woronzow Grieg, she met and fell in love with William King. They married soon after. William King became a member of the House of Lords, and took the name, Earl of Lovelace. Over time, they had 3 children, although Ada secretly found them a distraction, and couldnt really care less about them. She confessed this to her mother and husband, and told them she wanted to pursue mathematics further. They supported her in her decision, and tried to do whatever was possible to help her out. Lovelace took care of their country estates, while Lady Byron took the kids. Ada went to London to pursue her studies, and found a math tutor from the University of London to help her with trigonometry, calculus, arithmetic, and algebra. One evening at a dinner party at Mary Sommervilles house, Ada heard Charles Babbages ideas for the Analytical Engine. She was touched by how unique his ideas were, even though hardly anybody else was. An Italian, Menabrea, wrote a summery of what Babbage described about his machine, and Ada translated this. When Babbage read what sh ...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

New product idea Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

New product idea - Essay Example he possibility to easily consume your daily dose of fresh fruit juice at work, at school, †¦ Fruitness offers a small assortment of orange-based fruit juices to match everyone’s taste and it makes for the perfect refreshment during a break from working. The exclusivity of our business model lies in the concept of delivering fresh juices directly to companies. Fruitness will be established as a B.V.B.A. to limit liabilities for the owners. The money that has to be raised to start the business is â‚ ¬ 60.000, financed by five managers. Dividends will not be paid during the first 7 years. Profit will be re-invested in the company to finance internal growth. Some of our major direct competitors are Minute Maid (Coca Cola Co.) and Tropicana (Pepsi Co.). Their main advantages are their size and expertise. Their weakness is their disability to deliver a fresh juice to the market. â€Å"Fruitness provides a solution to increased awareness towards health and better-for-you products. All Fruitness juices are daily made with fresh fruit and delivered within 24 hours. Fruitness’ innovative business model ensures that Fruitness is available at the places where people spend most of their time and energy; at work or at school!† Fruitness produces fresh orange juice, squeezed the first day and directly delivered to the customer the second day. It is made of 100% fresh fruit, without addition of sugar, concentrate, preservatives or use of heat. The packaging consists of a white HDPE (high density polyethylene) bottle that helps maintain high Vitamin C levels (extra 15% retention rate over clear bottles). It is a high quality product aimed at health-conscious consumers. The juice is delivered to companies that want to provide their employees with a fresh, healthy and tasty alternative to the usual soft-drinks. To meet customer demand and taste, Fruitness produces different flavours. It focuses on citrus juices, all with an orange basis: Orange ² (100% orange), Orange & Lime

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Sport Tourism Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Sport Tourism - Assignment Example 24) that "globalisation has helped to create a setting in which English national identity has more sporting opportunities in which to express itself than at any previous point in history. The Olympics survived the Second World War, and have become consolidated as the premier multi-sport event in the world, with their winter version also increasing in popularity." The Olympics and Paralympics 2012 have brought to the doorsteps of UK a tourism opportunity of great magnitude. In the process of welcoming the world in 2012, UK gets a chance of escalating the growth of its economy. As observed by Jowell, "between 50% and 75% of the economic benefits of the Games will accrue to tourism." According to a report prepared by the International Council for Local Environment Initiatives (ICLEI) for the Commission on Sustainable Development, the UN Commission has set some principles for development issues in tourism. "These principles can provide basis for effective partnerships for sustainable tourism planning and development in local tourist destinations. (1999, p.10) The authorities responsible for the sport tourism development issues in London should consult these principles to achieve their goals. They should pay attention to the development issues like trying to solve all problems before, during and after the development projects' implementation and evaluation phase. In addition to this they should try to focus their attention on issues like limits of developments, what needs to be paid attention to immediately and what can wait for some time. The ecological problems should also be paid attention to. In all this tourism development measures, the local people should not feel cut off. They should be made an integral part of the development procedures. Their problems like drainage, sewerage, infrastructure requirements etc. should be paid attention to because until and unless the problems of local people are solved; it is impossible to create a good atmosphere for tourists. If the available resources are not sufficient for the local people then how can the huge number of tourists be accommodated comfortably All the local bodies, even those belonging to the grassroots level shou ld be encouraged to participate actively in the sport tourism development issues on the eve of the 2012 games. Apart from the above mentioned issues it should be clear that the development should not be at the cost of degradation of environment and local culture. Environment and culture are the wealth that will attract more and more tourists to the host destination. Impacts and implications for hosting the London 2012 Games There will be a favourable growth of GDP in London when the 2012 games are held but this implies that the rest of UK will not benefit as all the resources and attention will be directed towards the host city. London will have a favourable impact in not only GDP but in other areas too. Unfortunately the implications of the positive impact upon London will be that, the rest of the areas of UK will experience a negative impact. For example all the investments in infrastructure, social work, beautification and creation of new jobs would be restricted to London and as a result the rest of the UK will remain untouched of the benefits. In this

Monday, November 18, 2019

A College Football Playoff System Research Paper

A College Football Playoff System - Research Paper Example There are a number of criticisms to be leveled at the Bowl Championship Series. Although the system’s original intent was to provide an objective, logical, mathematical solution for deciding a team’s rankings, it often makes counterintuitive and downright wrong selections. In December 2010, for instance, the president of Boise State University criticized the BCS system for a computer error that likely dropped the team to number 10 in the national rankings. Frequently, these wrong rankings reflect the BCS’s attitude toward smaller schools from less well-respected conferences on the basis that those teams will not produce the same level of revenue as a larger school with more supporters. In December 2010, for instance, the president of Boise State University criticized the BCS system for a computer error that likely dropped the team to number 10 in the national rankings. Although the incident did not deprive Boise State of a bowl berth, under different circumstance s (given Boise State’s place in the WAC, a less respected conference) it very likely could have left the college without a bowl. Another criticism deals with the four major Bowl games played at the end of the college football season, into which only eight teams are admitted. Because some conferences have automatic bids to one of these games, these eight teams may not be the best (or even close to the best) teams in the nation. Some schools that are unfavorably regarded in the BCS system may be relegated to a less prestigious bowl simply on the basis of the BCS’s opinion of them. Lastly, since the BCS is largely comprised of computer algorithms to decide rankings of college teams for the bowl games, it is criticized for being easily manipulated by those who control the methods of determining bowl berths. Because the BCS system leads to tremendous cash payoffs to larger schools, there is a lack of momentum in changing it, which makes a financial argument for introducing a playoff system necessary. Financially, a playoff system could benefit boosters, schools, and advertisers by removing any element of the BCS.

Saturday, November 16, 2019

The Gallipoli Campaign And Living Conditions

The Gallipoli Campaign And Living Conditions On the 25th of April 1915, 16000 Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) troops landed two kilometers north of GabaTepe in the Gallipoli Peninsula to prevent Turkish troops moving back from the south and arriving from the north. However, the Gallipoli Campaign did not begin smoothly for the ANZAC troops. By the times the troops had arrived, the Turkish forces were already located at the top of the cliff with reinforcements and weaponry on both sides of the beach. More than 50000 Australians and 8500 New Zealanders served in Gallipoli, with about 10000 deaths and 26000 casualties by December 1915. Living Conditions The Gallipoli peninsula is full of steep valleys, cliffs and narrow beaches. When the troops arrived in April1915, it was still spring with pleasant weather. However as summer approached, the temperature soared and it was very hot both during the day and at night, preventing the soldiers from getting a good nights sleep. During the winter months, the troops had to endure freezing blizzards, snow and frost. The men did not have enough clothes for these freezing conditions and so would huddle up together with dirty old blankets in an attempt to keep warm. Many men had to have their toes or feet amputated due to severe frostbite. There was also not enough food and water for the troops. Water would arrive from Egypt via supply ships, however there was never enough. The food mainly consisted of canned meat, hard biscuits, tea, sugar and jam, with small quantities of bread sometimes being supplied. I wrapped my overcoat over the tin and gouged out the flies, then spread the biscuit, held my hand over it and drew the biscuit out of the coat. A lot of flies flew into my mouth and beat about inside. The troops lived, slept and ate in dugouts known as trenches. The troops were surrounded by trenches filled with dirty water; open toilet pits, empty food cans, disease-carrying flies, lice, mosquitoes and rats, as well as rotting dead bodies. As a result, disease, such as diarrhea, was widespread due to poor hygiene. Source 1 shows an Australian soldier describing the difficulties of eating during summer Source 1: Living Conditions (Anderson, M, et al. (2010) Retroactive 2 Stage 5 Australian History, 3rd Edition, John Wiley Sons, Australia) As well as these terrible living conditions, the Anzacs had to remain aware of the constant threats from the Turks. The Battles Lone Pine The battle at Lone Pine occurred in August 1915. It was a plan devised to attack the Turkish troops at Lone Pine to help the Anzacs gain control of Sari Bair and Suvla Bay. The Anzacs surprised the Turks by coming from underground tunnels. The Anzacs attacked the Turkish trenches and for the next three days war was among the trenches. The Anzacs succeeded however there were 2300 Anzac casualties and 6000 Turkish casualties. Seven Australians were awarded Victoria Crosses, the highest military decoration, for their great work in defending the trenches. Source 2 shows a trench at Lone Pine after the battle. http://dev.links.com.au/data/awm/upload/Image/A02025.JPG Source 2: A trench at Lone Pine after the battle, showing Australian and Turkish dead on the parapet. Heroes John Simpson Kirkpatrick was born in Britain and later moved to Australia. He enlisted in the army in August 1914. He served as Private John Fitzpatrick in the 3rd field ambulance. He became famous for his bravery in the one month he lived during the war. He would walk in the middle of the battle field, with a donkey, supplying water and carrying injured comrades back to the beach on ANZAC cove. He was killed on the 19th of May by enemy machine gun fire. Even if he served for a short period of time he is one of the most famous icons of World War 1. John Simpson Kirkpatrick is shown here with his donkey in 1915 at Anzac Cove in Source 3.http://vrroom.naa.gov.au/Images/Simpson%20and%20his%20donkey,%20Gallipoli1_11405235_tcm11-18424.jpg The Landing It was in 1914, when the British Government decided to interfere with the Western Front and weaken Germany, by attacking Turkey. The first attacks in Feburary and March 1915 failed, with ships attacked by mines and shellfire. It was not until April 1915, when British, French and Anzac troops landed around Cape Helles and Dardanelles and GabaTepe. This landing however was not a smooth and positive start for the troops, as the Turks had had six weeks notice before the invasion. By the times the troops had arrived, the Turkish forces were already located at the top of the cliff with reinforcements and weaponry on both sides of the beach. The Anzacs immediately built shallow trenches on the first night to protect them selves from the on going Turkish fire. By the first night 16000 soldiers had landed on the beach, from those 16000 men over 2000 Australian men had either died or been wounded. The Leaders The two main leaders which governed the Anzac troops were General Sir Ian Hamilton and Admiral Sir John de Robeck. General Otto Liman von Sanders and Mustafa Kemal Pasha were the two men in charge of the Turkish troops. It was the new commander, General Sir Charles Munro who went ahead with the evacuation rather than continue on with the battle. The Withdrawal In December 1915, the Anzac troops withdrew from Anzac Cove and Suvla Bay in a quiet and slow fashion to prevent the Turks from noticing. With the withdrawal, it was important that all the troops knew that the lives of all the men were more important than saving any weapons or equipment. Only two men were wounded during the evacuation from Anzac Cove. Altogether, there were a total 26000 casualties among the Anzac troops with 10000 deaths. Weapons used by the ANZACs The main weapons used during the Gallipoli Campaign ranged from clubs to rifles to grenades (Source 4). The clubs had cast iron heads with rough timber shafts. The Lee-Enfield Rifle was the most common service rifle used. The standard issued Lee-Enfield was about half a meter long, with a 43cm blade and handle. With the grenades, Model 5 Mills Bombs were used, where each user had to assemble their own bomb. http://www.diggerhistory.info/images/weapons-ww1-allied/smle1mk3r.jpghttp://www.diggerhistory.info/images/weapons-ww1-allied/mills-ww1.jpgCold Steel. The bayonet for the SMLE rifle. Source 4: Gallipoli Weaponry The anniversary of the landings, April 25, is celebrated as ANZAC Day and is both Australias and New Zealands most significant day of military remembrance.

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Theme, Subject and Meaning in Breathless and Citizen Kane :: Film Movies

Theme, Subject and Meaning in Breathless and Citizen Kane Many devices such as theme, subject and meaning reflect different aspects of a film. The time and place that the movie is made are usually affected but this. A great example of this would be the film Breathless, directed by Godard. This is a story of the love between a small-time crook who is wanted for killing a cop, and an American woman who works for a French newspaper. Their relationship develops as the man hides out from the police. Breathless uses the famous techniques of the French New Wave: location shooting, improvised dialogue, and a loose narrative form. Godard also uses cuts that seem, to jump from one scene to another, with what seem to be deliberate \\"mismatches\\" between shots. This is what makes this movie so special. It could never have been made before it had been. It was made in the post worlds War II era in the year 1959. The plot and subjects reflect this, because there really is no major plot except for the one that I have already described. This was a revolutionary movie in that aspect. This movie was made in France, partly because that was where it was set, but mainly because that is where the new director c ould afford to make such a makeshift movie. Another example of a movie that shares such aspects is Citizen Kane. There are many references in this fictional movie to a non-fictional man. This man would be William Randolph Hearst. He was a self made millionaire quite like the main character of the movie. Hearst was also was in the business of journalism. He lived a very eccentric life like that of Kane’s. He was politically involved in the 1930’s as a pro-Nazi and in the 40’s as an anti-communist. This was similar to Kane’s character that ran for office in New York. While Kane enjoyed the luxuries of Xanadu, Hearst had his own castle at San Simeon. These are the similarities on screen between the two, but behind the scenes there was a heated debate over the making of this movie. Hearst did not want this movie made even though it was not exactly a portrayal of his life.

Monday, November 11, 2019

Campaign Speech Essay

To our beloved beautiful, sexy and ever dynamic campus administrator Dr. Ma. Evengeline P. Perez, to the different chairs of different departments, to the faculty and staff of this institution, to my co-aspirants and to the best students of the whole world, a pleasant afternoon to each in everyone. We are convened here this afternoon for another remarkable and momentous activity in our lives as students, for this afternoon’s activity is considered as one of our greatest decision-making in our lives as students. A wise decision in choosing a leader who will serve as your voice and will hear and answer your queries towards your rights as one of the important stakeholders of this institution. My fellow Cenphilians, the man standing in front of you right now is an aspirant to become a leader, who had bore in mind that being a leader is not an opportunity to rule over the others nor to enslave other people. For me, becoming a leader is a great challenge and responsibility to continue the good administration done by the previous people in authority on the Supreme Student Government or otherwise known as the SSG. I being an aspirant leader of the said organization, would like to continue hearing your voices as what the previous administration did, in order that you can express and exercise your freedom of speech. And I as an aspirant, will serve as your stairway that your voices will be recognized as a student until everything will be okay. And as been said by a not so intelligent creature in the cartoon Spongebob Square Pants, â€Å"Everything will be okay at the end; if it is not okay, yet it is not the end† that is according to Patrick the Starfish. Yes this is really true my fellow cenphilians, and actually one of the reasons why I ran on this organization is that I want to encourage and influence everyone to pursue your dreams. If you haven’t ask me, I am one of the indigent students of this institution but still I am strong enough to overcome the challenges in life being a student. The courage I have in myself, forces me to ran as a leader, thinking that if God’s well, I can influence others in a positive way. And if ever I may not be lucky enough today, still I can assure you, you can still come on me for some motivations and advices, and I will never hesitate myse lf to help and comfort you in terms of your problems. Cause I ran thinking that I am not just be a leader but also will set myself as your â€Å"Manong† who is willing to guide and help you in terms of any unavoidable  difficulties in school or even outside the school premises (financially not involve). I can also be your friend for I am willing to render an extra ordinary services for the goodness of everybody that will enhance our personality for the betterment of the entire community. Lastly, I ran as a president on the SSG execom with a purpose of having a positive changes in our institution throughout my leadership to maintain our name on top, CPSU CAUAYAN UNIVERSITY CAMPUS, and I want that changes to be solicited from you. For I believe, as what a wise man says that, a good leader is always a good follower and yes Indeed. And if ever I became a leader, I want a fair treatment to every students, and being a president in God’s well is not my only chance but everybody’s chance to express your thoughts and ideas for the betterment of the campus, because hopefully, I Arjay T. Bando a 3rd year BEED student, is an open-minded, trustworthy and approachable person is ready to serve you my fellow Cenphilians with all my heart and up to the best that I can. Of course, all of these things would not be materialized without your support my fellow Cenphilians. Let us work in hand and hand, all together for the success of our plans. So I am asking for your full support to please vote me, don’t forget my name Arjay Bando aspiring to be the next President of the Supreme student Government for the school year 2015-2016,and together with my senators â€Å"maga isa kita padulong sa kauswagan sng aton Institution†. Read more:  Campaign Speech Examples

Friday, November 8, 2019

How to Make Deep Copies in Ruby

How to Make Deep Copies in Ruby Its often necessary to make a copy of a value in Ruby. While this may seem simple, and it is for simple objects, as soon as you have to make a copy of a data structure with multiple array or hashes on the same object, you will quickly find there are many pitfalls. Objects and References To understand whats going on, lets look at some simple code. First, the assignment operator using a POD (Plain Old Data) type in Ruby. a 1b aa 1puts b Here, the assignment operator is making a copy of the value of a and assigning it to b using the assignment operator. Any changes to a wont be reflected in b. But what about something more complex? Consider this. a [1,2]b aa 3puts b.inspect Before running the above program, try to guess what the output will be and why. This is not the same as the previous example, changes made to a are reflected in b, but why? This is because the Array object is not a POD type. The assignment operator doesnt make a copy of the value, it simply copies the reference to the Array object. The a and b variables are now references to the same Array object, any changes in either variable will be seen in the other. And now you can see why copying non-trivial objects with references to other objects can be tricky. If you simply make a copy of the object, youre just copying the references to the deeper objects, so your copy is referred to as a shallow copy. What Ruby Provides: dup and clone Ruby does provide two methods for making copies of objects, including one that can be made to do deep copies. The Object#dup method will make a shallow copy of an object. To achieve this, the dup method will call the initialize_copy method of that class. What this does exactly is dependent on the class. In some classes, such as Array, it will initialize a new array with the same members as the original array. This, however, is not a deep copy. Consider the following. a [1,2]b a.dupa 3puts b.inspecta [ [1,2] ]b a.dupa[0] 3puts b.inspect What has happened here? The Array#initialize_copy method will indeed make a copy of an Array, but that copy is itself a shallow copy. If you have any other non-POD types in your array, using dup will only be a partially deep copy. It will only be as deep as the first array, any deeper arrays, hashes or other objects will only be shallow copied. There is another method worth mentioning, clone. The clone method does the same thing as dup with one important distinction: its expected that objects will override this method with one that can do deep copies. So in practice what does this mean? It means each of your classes can define a clone method that will make a deep copy of that object. It also means you have to write a clone method for each and every class you make. A Trick: Marshalling Marshalling an object is another way of saying serializing an object. In other words, turn that object into a character stream that can be written to a file that you can unmarshal or unserialize later to get the same object. This can be exploited to get a deep copy of any object. a [ [1,2] ]b Marshal.load( Marshal.dump(a) )a[0] 3puts b.inspect What has happened here? Marshal.dump creates a dump of the nested array stored in a. This dump is a binary character string intended to be stored in a file. It houses the full contents of the array, a complete deep copy. Next, Marshal.load does the opposite. It parses this binary character array and creates a completely new Array, with completely new Array elements. But this is a trick. Its inefficient, it wont work on all objects (what happens if you try to clone a network connection in this way?) and its probably not terribly fast. However, it is the easiest way to make deep copies short of custom initialize_copy or clone methods. Also, the same thing can be done with methods like to_yaml or to_xml if you have libraries loaded to support them.

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

buy custom The Computer Types essay

buy custom The Computer Types essay According to research, classification essay is an essay that requires the writer to take different types of information and create sensible information out of it by putting it properly as need be. There are a considerable of computer types ranging from the hybrid to the analog types. The day to day computers that a high number of people use to accomplish their tasks includes laptops, palmtops, and desktop computers (Kim, 2009). Because of the ever-increasing rate in technological advancement, there have been inventions of new computers that are able to meet the daily needs and demands of people of all ages. Laptop is the most familiar form of computers which is for personal usage. There are also other types of personal computers, and these include the desk top and the personal computer. Desk top is not portable meaning that it is in a certain location for it to be used. It, however, provides extra power, storage capability and versatility at a cheaper price than the others which are portable. Computers play a significant part in the daily lives of people such as acting as servers. For instance, they can be optimized in order to enable them offer services to other computers through a network. With such computers, they always have strong processors, large memory and bigger hard drives. Other types of computers such as the main frame enable a large group of individuals to accomplish their work on time with similar data. Therefore, because of the ever-increasing demands from the consumers, new advancements are in the process of developing new computers that meet different demands and purposes. Thus, it is vital that people keep on following each and every step the science department takes in order to be at the same level with the current knowledge concerning computers. Buy custom The Computer Types essay

Monday, November 4, 2019

FREE-MARKET APPROACH AND REGULATORY APPROACH TO STANDARD SETTING IN Assignment

FREE-MARKET APPROACH AND REGULATORY APPROACH TO STANDARD SETTING IN ACCOUNTING - Assignment Example The researcher analyzed the free market approach to standard setting and provided a case study analysis to this approach. Within the free-market approach, the study revealed some theories including the positive accounting theory and agency theory, which recommends that entities should have incentives to make publicly accounting information munificently. The study also examined the regulatory approach, which aims to protect the interests of the public in the marketplace. The study further examined some of the frameworks within the regulatory approaches including the public interest theory and capture theory. Lastly, the researcher provided the case studies for both free-market and regulatory approaches in relation to standard setting in accounting. Lastly, the conclusion was provided that summed up everything that was discussed under the research topic. Assessment of the Free-Market Approach and Regulatory Approach to Standard Setting In Accounting Introduction The increased competiti ve which result due to increased technology contributing to a global village have encouraged financial analysts, regulators and lobbying groups to take significant interest in the market system. The accounting standards has created an ongoing debate as to whether accountants should regulate or set accounting standards or not. ... The policymakers believe that the government should regulate standards in order to protect investors against market risks. However, there exist non-regulatory approaches known as the free-market approaches, which determine the accounting information and regulation in order to meet the interest of the public. Thus, the study attempts to examine varied approaches to standard setting in accounting including the free market approach, regulator, as well, as illustrates the applications for such approaches. Literature Review Varied literatures have attempted to provide systematic and clear understandings of accounting standard setting in regard to financial accounting standard setting. There is an ongoing debate that market should work freely, but the government should intervene and create regulatory standards to protect investors from encountering risk in the market. Therefore, this part offers an analysis on the way the previous scholars have attempted to argue about by developing varied approaches to standard setting in accounting including the free market and regulatory approaches. However, there have been a considerable debate over the accounting standards and some issues have been raised including the politicization of accounting standard setting for the concerned parties involved (Horngren 2006, 51). The debate on the advantages and disadvantages of accounting regulation standards settings is a realism of accounting setting. Thus, Britton and Waterston (2006, p.71) proposed varied limitations and benefits of accounting standard settings whether regulatory or non-regulatory, hence these can be based on the restructuring the accounting standard setting process. The literature offers critical assessment of varied approaches by

Saturday, November 2, 2019

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 28

Leadership - Essay Example The diversity of age in the workforce provides the leader with the opportunity of in-house schooling of the young and inexperienced employees. Leaders capitalize on the diversity of age by providing the inexperienced employees with frequent opportunities of interaction with and learning from the aged and experienced employees. Employee training and development of the employees’ competence is one of the fundamental prerequisites of the attainment of the organizational goals. Companies incur a lot of cost by arranging the conventional vocational training and competence enhancement courses for their workforce. This cost can be avoided by making use of the in-house sources of knowledge for the enrichment of the young and inexperienced lot. A leader uses the cultural diversity in the workforce to increase the consumer base for the company. The more diverse the workforce is culturally, the higher the population of consumers belonging to different cultures becomes. Furthermore, by ma king the workforce work in teams, a leader can help them understand one another’s culture and respect the differences (Gadget, 2011). Thus, leaders can make use of the diversity in the workplace in positive ways to attain their

Thursday, October 31, 2019

November rain Music video analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

November rain Music video analysis - Essay Example It appears in the video several times in different settings. The interpretation of this symbol depends on the setting where it appears in the video. In the beginning of the video, the sound of rain on the background intensifies the loneliness of the main characters who sits in his dark bedroom. During the wedding, rain represents the turning point in all life events. It transforms the wedding party and makes all people hide somewhere in the house or under the tables. Finally, the rain takes place funeral ceremony referencing the main message of the song that says â€Å"nothing lasts forever†. Death of the beloved is highly symbolic for this song. First of all, death supports the thesis of the composition that nothing lasts forever. Death can take away love, freedom and friendship and people cannot win the death. Death represents all external consequences which do not depend on people’s actions. Death is often a turning point in people’s life and it forces them to start everything from scratch. In the context of the song, death is the begging of new life for the main character who has to let it go and start new relationships. The chapel in the deserted area is a clear symbol of loneliness and personal isolation. It is not an ordinary building but a chapel, which means that it is related to personal emotions, religion and spirituality in its broader context.

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

US as a World Power Essay Example for Free

US as a World Power Essay In the 1890’s, the idea of imperialism had begun imprinting itself in American minds. Many Americans began to believe that the United States was either going to explode or expand. Our country had a new sense of power which was generated from the growth of our industry and wealth. There were Americans who had pushed the idea of imperialism through books and articles, calling it the adventures of childhood dreams. The first moments had begun with President Cleveland and his secretary of state James G. Blaine. Imperialism had come off as an idea that benefited the world but, the cold hard truth was that we were simply just benefiting ourselves. Our new international interests began in several ways. Blaine had pushed the Big Sister policy, with this policy we were able to get the Latin Americans to rally with Uncle Sam. This give off an impression that we want to help out the others, give them an idea of bond ship with the United States but in reality, what we truly wanted was their open markets and utilize them for ourselves. Document A shows how power-hungry we are, wanting â€Å"to show our strength† and wanting â€Å"the taste of Empire†. One of the first ways we showed off our new, violent, and power hungry status was in 1899 against Germany. The two nations had been bickering over the Samoan Islands. Luckily, this was resolved and no war broke out. Alaska, another area of issues that occurred between The U. S. and Canada. This fight was a more idealistic than self interest one though. The hostilities had begun with seal hunting which, the United States was against giving off their humanitarian ideology. Doc. B, provide an explanation of this by stating that â€Å"we cannot fly from our world duties†. Hawaii was another area of interest to America. It’s location was able to hold a naval and it was enriched with resources the nation could use. American planters were searching for ways to secure Hawaii’s annexation. The Queen of Hawaii was against this and believed that her natives should keep control. The whites then revolted and the U. S. rushed to annexation but, President Cleveland withdrew the idea. The majority of the Hawaiian natives were against the idea and the idea of annexation was temporarily abandoned. We didn’t want to give Hawaii freedom and they didnt want it either, we just wanted to have over their island. Doc. C provide a well example of this, â€Å"they like their own way† yet we act as â€Å"amongst them as ruler†, not giving them the freedom. Cuba was another moment in our imperialistic time, where it was idealism than self-interest, supposedly. The Cuban’s were trying to revolt against their leaders in 1895. America gave their sympathies to the Cubans but were largely worried about their investments in the land. Senator Lodge at the time even showed their self-interest ways, â€Å"whoever controlled Cuba controls the Gulf†. McKinley, President at the time, gave in and sent the war message to free Cuba. Proposing the lie called The Teller Amendment after Cuba America was free but, not entirely. The Cubans were forced to sign to the Platt Amendment which basically, set them still under American control. This situation proves right here wanted control, not their freedom. Doc. D proves this control with stating, That the United States owns them but, â€Å"it can not incorporate them as part of the United States†. In1901, Theodore Roosevelt had taken the reigns of the U. S.  He had his own form of foreign policy called the Big Stick. The Big Stick policy was extremely aggressive and was very built around self-interest. Imperialists applauded his every move. His first move was the Panama Canal. The Colombian senate rejected the American offer of 10 million which Roosevelt didnt take fondly. In order to build his canal , Roosevelt sponsored a revolt in Panama and gained the opportunity to construct it with a larger zone. This situation right here shows how The U. S. truly did all the imperialistic moves in order to support itself not the world.

Saturday, October 26, 2019

Reforestation Is Usually To Regenerate Forests Environmental Sciences Essay

Reforestation Is Usually To Regenerate Forests Environmental Sciences Essay If looked at from a long term point of view, reforestation is economically beneficial. One of the most obvious benefits is the supply of lumber and  wood products  in the world. Almost everyone uses wood in some way every day, and  selling  lumber creates a  great deal  of income. Secondary economic benefits from reforestation include job creation in forest management and increased property taxes on reforested land. Trees, when they decompose, enrich and add nutrients to the soil. This increases soil fertility and helps cash crops grow, which is a huge benefit for nations that rely on their primary sector. Against If looked at from a short term view, reforestation is very expensive and would be hard to carry out in poorer nations, where there is hardly any money to fulfill basic needs, let alone extra money to waste on schemes like reforestation. There is less land available for agricultural growth and human activities. Environmental Factor For Trees provide a natural habitat for other life forms, as a home and a food source. By the process of photosynthesis, trees capture and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, helping to reduce quantities of this greenhouse gas and mitigating the effects of climate change. Moreover, by controlling the flow of surface water and reducing the runoff of soil, trees can also help mitigate the effects of extreme weather events. This reduces the occurrence of floods and mudslides, particularly in areas susceptible to disasters. Trees can also reduce the risk of droughts by retaining water in the local environment and cooling local temperatures by shading the soil. Against Planting more trees means there will be less land for human activities. Planting artificial trees may mean a drastic change of habitats for specific sets of animals and plants. It takes a very long time for the trees to grow and produce something useful. Positive Impacts Reforestation is the reestablishment or expansion of a forest which was previously destroyed or degraded. The primary goal of reforestation is usually to regenerate forests, with the aim of restoring the environmental and economic benefits they provide, but reforestation activities can also provide a wealth of social benefits as well. Woodland provides ecosystems for wildlife, resources for humans and even modifies the climate. Replanting trees can help reduce erosion and nutrient depletion, keeping areas where rainforests grow fertile and reducing the likelihood of floods. Reforestation projects may also ensure the conservation of habitats for animals and plants. Some types of fauna may be useful for food, to improve medical science or have other potential advantages for society across the globe. Benefits of reforestation projects for those living in deforested areas include increasing the availability of clean drinking water, food, fuel and construction materials, as well as offeri ng employment, according to Eden Reforestation Projects.   Negative Impacts- Reforestation projects can be expensive, and a lot of work, time and money would be needed if the world were to plant enough trees to successfully combat their depletion. Eden Reforestation Projects highlights figures from the World Bank released in 2002, which stated that 15 million hectares of woodland needs to be planted every year at a cost of 20 cents per tree or more after inflation. It is very time consuming. Planting trees and waiting for them to actually grow may take years together. Reforestation policies may be hard to implement in some areas of the world.   Reforestation as a Solution- Through photosynthesis, trees remove CO2 from the atmosphere, thus reforestation can play an important role in offsetting carbon emissions.   The United Nations IPCC estimates reforestation could remove the carbon equivalent to about 10 percent to 20 percent of projected fossil fuel emissions by 2050.   Reforestation is the restocking of existing forests and woodlands which have been depleted, with native tree stock.   The term reforestation is like afforestation, the process of restoring and recreating areas of woodlands or forest that once existed but were deforested or otherwise removed or destroyed at some point in the past. The resulting forest can provide both ecosystem and resource benefits and has the potential to become a major carbon sink. The concept of forests as carbon sinks has drawn attention around reforestation as a possible tool in the fight against global climate change. Because trees draw CO2 from the atmosphere in the process of photosynthesis, they can potentially remove this excess greenhouse gas from the atmosphere and help fight global warming. Problems The main effect is an increasing global average temperature. This causes a variety of secondary effects, namely, changes in patterns of precipitation, rising sea levels, altered patterns of  agriculture, increased  extreme weather  events, the expansion of the range of tropical diseases, the opening of new trade routes.   As northern countries warm, disease carrying insects migrate north, bringing plague and disease with them. Indeed some scientists believe that in some countries, thanks to global warming, malaria had not been fully eradicated. Global warming is already strengthening heat waves. Nearly every part of the Causes Carbon overload is a result of human activities. When humans burn fossil fuels, carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere, where it traps heat. One of the first things scientists learned is that there are several greenhouse gases responsible for warming, and humans emit them in a variety of ways. Most come from the combustion of fossil fuels in factories and electricity production. The gas responsible for the most warming is carbon dioxide (CO2). Other contributors include methane released from landfills and agriculture, nitrous oxide from fertilizers, gases used for industrial processes, and the loss of forests that would otherwise store CO2.   The  atmospheric  concentrations of these   greenhouse gases   have significantly increased since the beginning of the industrial revolution. This is mainly due to human activities, such as the burning of  fossil fuels,  land use  change, and agriculture. For instance, the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide has been growing faster in the last ten years than it has been since the beginning of continuous measurements around 1960. United States will have significantly more of 100o late this century. The water will become warmer and there will be more hurricanes. The polar icecaps are melting at a high rate. The rising sea levels will cause more floods. The trees will dry up and cause wildfires. Desertification will take place. There will be increased volcanic activity. Species of exotic animals will get wiped out. All our food and water supplies will be diminished.   

Friday, October 25, 2019

Henry David Thoreau and the Power of Non-Violent Resistance Essay

Thoreau contends that men have lost the free will to make individual decisions regarding war, slavery, and domestic issues because government imposes on its citizens only in its own self interests. (Thoreau 1706). He states government loses its integrity when willing to consider profit over the interests of its citizens, and basic human rights such as slavery and war. (Thoreau 1707). He considers slavery as a â€Å"hateful and stupid enterprise? (Eulau 119). Thoreau feels such deep disgrace being associated with a government who condones slavery, that he refuses to vote, pay taxes, and makes his only contact with this government the tax collector. (Eulau 121). Thoreau personally does not want to be bothered with the issues of government or slavery, but because of his writings he is sought out by Abolitionists to give speeches for them. He feels idealism, individualism and democracy are not achievable in a society willing to maintain slaves. (Eulau 123). He is obsessed with right, t ruth and justice for all citizens and encourages nonviolent resistance as the means to effectively abolish slavery. (Eulau 124). This position is different than most Abolitionists of the time. During this time most of his attention is directed at the southern slaves states. The Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 is the event that leads him to become detached from the State. The treatment of a runaway slave weighs heavily on his emotions. His anger leads him to encouragepeople to withdraw farther from the State ...

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Autumn on the Seine, Argenteuil by Claude Monet

Autumn on the Seine, Argenteuil The following is an analysis and an interpretation of Autumn on the Seine, Argenteuil. This oil on canvas painting can be found in the High Museum of Art. Claude Monet, the artist of this piece painted this in 1873, right as the Impressionism Movement was beginning. Monet played the important role of one of the founders of the Impressionism Movement with his works like Autumn on the Seine, Argenteuil. Autumn on the Seine, Argenteuil is from a series of paintings that Monet did while in Argenteuil. In the artwork Autumn on the Seine, Argenteuil, the lighting used throughout the painting, brushstroke techniques, perspective, and color all play an important role in the piece, as well as in the Impressionism Movement. Impressionist artists attempted to capture candid shots of their subjects outdoors showing the effects of sunlight on different objects at different times of day. Claude Monet was no exception to this statement. Like in Claude Monet’s Rouen Cathedral: The Portal (in Sun) (Garnier, 824), sunlight is an important part in scene created in Autumn on the Seine, Argenteuil, though is not the real subject of the piece like it is in Rouen Cathedral: The Portal (in Sun). In Autumn on the Seine, Argenteuil, Claude Monet used darker hues of the colors to capture the light and the absence of light throughout the painting. The sun itself cannot be seen, but the intensity of the colors orange, yellow, white, green, and red throughout the tree suggest that there is some sunlight present. The sky is spotted with clouds almost to the point where you can’t see the sky, but there is some blue still seen through the clouds. Monet was obviously wanting to capture the essence of the Autumn season, and did so with the right use of lighting that would not have been possible without the brushstrokes Monet used. The brushstrokes that are used throughout a painting can help classify what movement the painting may have came out of. Impressionist painters created a distinctive short, choppy brushstroke to create better lighting. In painting Autumn on the Seine, Argenteuil, Monet uses this technique all over the canvas. At close inspection, the colors red, white, yellow and blue placed side by side looked unintelligible as they are placed throughout the trees on the left side of the painting. At a distance, however, the colors begin to mix into different variations of orange, green, yellow, white, blue, and red, making the palette more interesting. This technique is used on the entire painting. The water’s reflection of the trees uses the same technique. Like in Claude Monet’s first major Impressionism painting, Impression: Sunrise (Garnier, 823), the painting Autumn on the Seine, Argenteuil also uses the brushy strokes. Both use a body of water’s reflection in the piece, making the water itself more interesting, and giving Autumn on the Seine, Argenteuil perspective. The technique most artists use to project an illusion of the three-dimensional world onto a two-dimensional surface is called perspective. Objects are painted smaller the farther away from the audience is supposed to be, and are painted bigger the closer the audience is supposed to be. A vanishing point is helpful in creating perspective. This technique helps to make up a sense of depth in a piece of art. In Autumn on the Seine, Argenteuil, perspective is created by the body of water that is in the foreground of painting. This body of water is going off into the distance in which you cannot see it’s end. In the background, there are buildings that are barely visible, making them appear to be farther away. This technique draws the audience’s eye to the center of the piece, perhaps at the building that is set of into the distance. Color has value, hues, and intensities that differ from piece to piece. Color can also be broken down into color schemes. Color is always a very important part to any work of art. Impressionism painters usually only used the primary colors blue, red, and yellow in their works, like Monet did in Autumn on the Seine, Argenteuil. They did this so they could place the primary colors side by side to create secondary colors like the greens and oranges seen in the trees in Autumn on the Seine, Argenteuil. This technique was used because Impressionists believed that color is not a permanent characteristic and changes due to weather, lighting, or reflection, which is true in this painting as the leave are all changing colors. The color of the water in Autumn on the Seine, Argenteuil effects the colors of the reflections of the trees, boats, and buildings very little. Impressionism paintings have an overall luminosity because the painters avoided blacks and earth colors. Shadows in the painting are composed of many complimentary colors, like on the sides of the boats on the left side of the water in Autumn on the Seine, Argenteuil. Autumn on the Seine, Argenteuil by Claude Monet was interesting and very tranquil to analysis and an interpret. This oil on canvas painting can be found in the High Museum of Art, but was originally painted in 1873 in France, right as the Impressionism Movement was beginning. Monet played the important role of one of the founders of the Impressionism Movement with his works like Autumn on the Seine, Argenteuil. In the artwork Autumn on the Seine, Argenteuil, the lighting used throughout the painting, brushstroke techniques, perspective, and color all play an important role in the piece, as well as in the Impressionism Movement. Autumn on the Seine, Argenteuil is an amazing work of art that will not soon be forgotten by its many adoring fans.

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Free Essays on The Institute Of Marriage

The Institution of Marriage Marriage is more than a relationship between two people. It is a social institution. That means it is governed by legal, moral and community expectations says Steven Nock, professor of sociology at the University of Virginia. That means, "No matter what marriage may mean to a particular man and woman, it has clear meaning to others." As an institution, marriage has certain systems of economics, government, education and more that go beyond simply an intimate relationship. But society seems to be forgetting that, says Nock. The view of marriage as a simple contract between two people is increasingly reflected in law and media. Moreover, he says, recent trends in cohabitation and unmarried childbearing suggest that growing numbers of Americans see no inherent distinctions between a contract and an institution. "Unfortunately, trends have indicated a steady devaluation of marriage in our culture," says Alan Hawkins, director of the BYU Family Studies Center. "However, current iss! ues are bringing discussion of the value and definition of marriage to the forefront." Devaluation of marriage has both personal and societal costs, says Nock. The institution of marriage gives peoples a template, a pattern that guides all of domestic life. "A man can say to his spouse: 'I am your husband. Your are my wife. I am expected to do certain things for you and you likewise. We have pledged our faithfulness. We have sworn to forgo others. We have made a commitment to our children. We have a responsibility and obligation to our close relatives, as they have to us.' These statements are not simply pledges, they are also enforceable." Compare this to an unmarried couple living happily together, he says. What, if any, are the assumptions that can be made? What are the limits to behavior? To who is each obligated? From who can this couple count on for help in times of need? Marriage produces measurable and significant benefits... Free Essays on The Institute Of Marriage Free Essays on The Institute Of Marriage The Institution of Marriage Marriage is more than a relationship between two people. It is a social institution. That means it is governed by legal, moral and community expectations says Steven Nock, professor of sociology at the University of Virginia. That means, "No matter what marriage may mean to a particular man and woman, it has clear meaning to others." As an institution, marriage has certain systems of economics, government, education and more that go beyond simply an intimate relationship. But society seems to be forgetting that, says Nock. The view of marriage as a simple contract between two people is increasingly reflected in law and media. Moreover, he says, recent trends in cohabitation and unmarried childbearing suggest that growing numbers of Americans see no inherent distinctions between a contract and an institution. "Unfortunately, trends have indicated a steady devaluation of marriage in our culture," says Alan Hawkins, director of the BYU Family Studies Center. "However, current iss! ues are bringing discussion of the value and definition of marriage to the forefront." Devaluation of marriage has both personal and societal costs, says Nock. The institution of marriage gives peoples a template, a pattern that guides all of domestic life. "A man can say to his spouse: 'I am your husband. Your are my wife. I am expected to do certain things for you and you likewise. We have pledged our faithfulness. We have sworn to forgo others. We have made a commitment to our children. We have a responsibility and obligation to our close relatives, as they have to us.' These statements are not simply pledges, they are also enforceable." Compare this to an unmarried couple living happily together, he says. What, if any, are the assumptions that can be made? What are the limits to behavior? To who is each obligated? From who can this couple count on for help in times of need? Marriage produces measurable and significant benefits...

Monday, October 21, 2019

Why Good Girls Like Bad Boys Essays

Why Good Girls Like Bad Boys Essays Why Good Girls Like Bad Boys Essay Why Good Girls Like Bad Boys Essay Application Paper Why Good Girls like bad boys? Just about every woman at some point in her dating life will fall for a bad boy. For example there’s Edward and Bella from the Twilight Series and there’s Uncle Jesse from Full House. A bad boy is a thug, a roughneck and a rebel without a cause or he could be the nice guy next door who’s smooth as silk, but deep down inside he’s a cold hearted person. Bad boys are the type of guys your mom warns you about but because they’ve got thug appeal your common sense goes out the window. If you ask most females why they like bad boys it’s because they like the challenge, the excitement and the thrill of living vicariously. According to evolutionary reasoning, the isolation of male and female species is not to mate but due to their reactions to each other. This occurs in many animals because the female animal becomes attracted to the male animal that stands out the most of all the other males. For example peacock’s spread their wings making themselves more vulnerable to predators as a sort of way to attract the opposite sex. Peacock’s are risking their lives which show how strong and dedicated they are towards standing out and being above all the other peacocks. Women find security, resources, and signs of commitment and long-term mates attractive while men find youth, fertility, and chastity and short-term mates attractive. Distance is also a major factor for women and even animals whether it’s close or faraway. For a typical bad boy and a good girl it is usually the good girl who really wants to make the first approach but doesn’t because she’s afraid of what he may think of her. And for the bad boy he just continues to stand out but if neither one is able to approach the other then the attraction would just end at that. I believe that there is four reasons why good girls like bad boys. The first one is the secret fear of intimacy. If a girl is attracted to guys who they cannot really have it is because they don’t want a real relationship. Girls find a bad boy so appealing because they can be with him without ever letting him get too close. This is related to the attachment theory. Because these girls haven’t had a father figure in their life they have an anxious/ambivalent attachment to the guy. This is because the girl is characterized by a concern that others will not reciprocate one’s desire for intimacy. Secondly, it could be that it’s a subconscious wish to bring daddy back home. As you already know the relationship you had with your father shapes the relationships you will have with other males. Growing up without a father or if he father wasn’t emotionally available can be a girls reason for wanting to find someone who can fill that void. The third reason is low self esteem. If a girl is in a relationship with a guy who lies, cheats, talks down to them, then they do not feel good about themselves. When people feel good about themselves they set standards about what they want in life. Lastly, is media brainwashing. The media has brainwashed so many people in our society. For example, the Jerry Springer Show or the latest music videos, in these you can see how the media portrays the bad boy image as every girl’s dream. Popular television and music videos try to make you believe that it is acceptable for guys to disrespect females and reduce them as sex objects and nothing more. In class we read an experiment, Dutton Aron Experiment: Some Evidence for Heightened Sexual Attraction Under Conditions of High Anxiety. The experiment showed that fear and arousal are linked. The same part of the brain is activated, the amygdala. There was an experimental bridge which was a small, rickety ridge that easily swayed and was located 230 feet above a shallow river with pointed rocks. Then there was also a control bridge which was a much wider, more stable, and stronger bridge which was located 10 feet above a relatively safe looking river. Males who crossed either bridge were approached by an attractive female and asked to fill out a questionnaire. The males were then given the female’s phone number. The attraction was measured by how many males called the females. On the experimental bridge 50% of the males called the female and on the control bridge 12% of the males called the female. Bad boys are seen as rebels: they get into fights, ride motorcycles, have enemies, etc. and being with fearful men creates fear and anxiety, which leads to arousal.